How to Start the Body to Make Insulin Again
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Body can regain the ability to produce insulin
Researchers have discovered that patients with blazon 1 diabetes can regain the ability to produce insulin. They showed that insulin-producing cells can recover outside the body.
Hand-picked beta cells from the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Photograph: Oskar Skog, Uppsala Academy.
Blazon 1 diabetes is a serious affliction that affects many children and adolescents. The disease causes the pancreas to stop producing insulin, a hormone that regulates claret sugar levels.
When claret carbohydrate levels are too high, the smallest blood vessels in the body somewhen become damaged. This tin can lead to serious health problems further downward the line, including heart attacks, stroke, incomprehension, kidney failure and human foot amputations.
Professor Knut Dahl-Jørgensen and doctoral educatee Lars Krogvold are leading a inquiry project, (DiViD), in which they want to ascertain among other things whether a virus in the pancreas might cause type 1 diabetes.
They have previously discovered viruses in hormone-producing cells, the so-called islets of Langerhans, in the pancreas. At present their research has generated some new and surprising results.
Lars Krogvold, doctoral student at the University of Oslo and paediatrician at Oslo Academy Infirmary. Photo: Private
Recover the ability to produce insulin
Lars Krogvold explains:
"Nosotros found that the insulin-producing cells still have the ability to produce insulin when they are stimulated in the lab.
Simply what'southward new is our additional discovery that the cells increased their ability to produce insulin later on a few days exterior the body.
Indeed, some became roughly every bit good at making insulin equally cells from people without diabetes.
Some of the hormone-producing cells in the pancreas, the beta cells, produce insulin when they are stimulated by sugar.
Previous work has shown that you do not immediately lose your ability to produce insulin when you are commencement diagnosed with type 1 diabetes".
Can improve patients' daily lives
"Our findings might mean that insulin production can be partially restored if we can notice a way of stopping the disease process. The potential for insulin production is greater than previously thought. The risk of developing health problems after on is lower for those who manage to maintain a certain level of insulin product. Less supplementary insulin means that you will be better off equally a patient", says Krogvold.
Stimulated past carbohydrate
The aim of the study was to determine whether beta cells all the same have the power to produce insulin afterward the patient has been diagnosed.The researchers bathed the cells in a solution through which sugar was passed. They then measured the insulin content of this solution.
"The really exciting thing here is that insulin product increases when the cells are removed from the body and placed in an environment that is not diabetes-inducing. That your cells produce a little insulin the 24-hour interval after y'all have been diagnosed with diabetes is not unusual. What surprised us was that the cells increased their ability to produce insulin over fourth dimension and that later a few days the level was approaching normal", says Krogvold.
RNA sequencing
In the study the researchers nerveless tissue samples from the pancreases of living patients shortly later they had been diagnosed.
A technique called RNA sequencing was performed on cells from six living and two deceased donors. Sequencing is a way of mapping genes. The results were compared with cells from 3 healthy donors.
"A complete set of Deoxyribonucleic acid is present within all cells. Dna consists of a long series of genes, and those genes that the cell needs to apply in a given process are read off to form an opposite strand called RNA. RNA can act as a recipe for proteins".
This is a complicated process. When the jail cell realises that information technology needs to make a protein, structures called ribosomes read off the RNA. All of the necessary amino acids are then assembled to make a new poly peptide, following the recipe independent within the RNA. Ribosomes are a complex of molecules and proteins that are institute inside all cell types, and information technology is hither that protein associates occurs.
"RNA for all the genes involved in insulin production was found in the tissue samples. Nosotros interpret this every bit meaning that the cellular mechanism for producing insulin is even so intact. This was confirmed when nosotros saw that the beta cells produced insulin", concludes Krogvold.
The tissue samples were sent to Uppsala University Hospital, where the analyses were performed.
Knut Dahl-Jørgensen is a professor at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo and head of the Oslo Diabetes Inquiry Centre. Lars Krogvold is a doctoral pupil at the University of Oslo and a paediatrician at Oslo Academy Infirmary.
Published Mar. 23, 2015 ane:17 PM - Last modified Mar. 26, 2019 2:38 PM
Source: https://www.med.uio.no/klinmed/english/research/news-and-events/news/2015/regain-ability-insulin.html
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